Stonewall is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Gillespie County, Texas, in the heart of the Texas Hill Country along U.S. Highway 290. The 2020 census counted 451 residents. The settlement was named for Confederate General Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson by Israel P. Nunez, who established a stage station near the site in 1870, and it grew among the German immigrant farms of the Pedernales River valley. The area's German settlers combined sheep and cattle raising with fruit orchards, and the Stonewall region remains a major producer of Texas peaches, celebrated each season at roadside stands and orchards along the highway. Stonewall is best known, however, as the home of Lyndon B. Johnson, the 36th President of the United States, who was born in the community in 1908 and returned to the area throughout his life. The LBJ Ranch and the Lyndon B. Johnson National Historical Park, operated by the National Park Service, preserve the ranch and the "Texas White House" just west of town, drawing visitors from across the country. The community also sits along the Highway 290 wine corridor, with numerous wineries and tasting rooms between Fredericksburg and Johnson City. Students attend the Fredericksburg Independent School District, including Stonewall Elementary School. The Pedernales River valley's rolling terrain of limestone hills and live oaks frames the community, which remains small and rural despite its prominence as a visitor destination. Stonewall's combination of presidential history, peach orchards, wineries, and Hill Country scenery makes it a notable stop on the route between Fredericksburg and Austin.